Glossary

What is VAT-included pricing?

VAT-included pricing means the displayed charging price already contains value-added tax, versus prices quoted before tax.

Also known as: VAT inclusive, tax-inclusive price, KDV

Whether a charging price includes VAT (value-added tax, "KDV" in Türkiye) changes what a driver actually pays and what a business can reclaim. A per-kWh figure is meaningless for comparison unless you know whether tax is already in it and at what rate.

Networks are inconsistent here: some quote VAT-inclusive consumer prices, others quote net prices, and the VAT rate itself can vary. Without a normalized, explicit VAT flag, comparing prices across operators is unreliable and cost reconciliation for fleets breaks.

This is a small field with outsized impact: a data model that records the price, the VAT percentage, and whether VAT is included removes an entire class of comparison and billing errors.

In the Data for EV model

Every Data for EV tariff records vat_included and vat_percent alongside the price and currency, so consumers can compare like-for-like and compute net or gross costs correctly across networks.

See VAT-included pricing in real data

Data for EV normalizes this across 65 networks into one canonical, OCPI 2.3.0-compatible model.